
They are often referred to as contractions,
These are commonly used in spoken English and informal writing.
Here's how auxiliary verbs are typically shortened:
| Pronoun + Auxiliary verb | Shortened form |
|---|---|
| I am | I’m |
| I have | I’ve |
| I will | I’ll |
| we are | we're |
| they are | they're |
| you are | you’re |
| you have | you’ve |
| we have | we’ve |
| they have | they've |
| we will | we'll |
| he will | he'll |
| she will | she’ll |
| it has / is | it’s |
| she has / is | she's |
| he has / is | he’s |