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    🔧 Assembling Your First Robot

    Now that you understand how a line follower robot works, it's time to bring the parts together and build your very first robot. This section focuses on assembling the basic components safely and neatly.

     

    • 📦 Required Components

      • Robot chassis (2-wheel base or acrylic robot kit)
      • 2 DC motors with wheels
      • 1 caster wheel (for balance)
      • 2 IR sensors (TCRT5000 or similar)
      • Arduino Uno board
      • L298N motor driver
      • Battery holder (4xAA or 9V) and battery
      • Jumper wires, screws, nuts, and a screwdriver

       

    • 🔩 Step-by-Step Assembly

      1. Attach the Motors: Mount the two DC motors to the chassis using screws and brackets. Make sure the wheels face forward.
      2. Add the Caster Wheel: Fix the caster wheel at the front or back depending on your chassis design to balance the robot.
      3. Mount the IR Sensors: Place the IR sensors on the front underside of the robot so they face the ground. Use glue or screws for stability.
      4. Place the Arduino and Motor Driver: Use double-sided tape or mounts to fix the Arduino and L298N motor driver on the chassis.
      5. Wiring:
        • Connect the motors to the L298N OUT1–OUT4
        • Connect IN1–IN4 of L298N to Arduino digital pins
        • Connect the IR sensors to Arduino analog/digital pins
        • Power L298N with battery; Arduino can be powered from L298N's 5V pin or separately
      6. Secure the Battery: Fix the battery pack firmly to avoid shaking during movement

      💡 Tips for Neat and Safe Assembly

      • Use a breadboard temporarily to test your circuit before soldering or permanent fixing
      • Keep wires short and tidy using zip ties or tape
      • Double-check power connections to avoid overheating or damage
      • Mark sensor pins (VCC, GND, OUT) to avoid confusion

      Once the robot is fully assembled and wired, you are ready to move to the most exciting part—writing the code and seeing your robot come to life!