Section outline

  • Robots aren't just about sensing or moving — they shine when they sense AND respond in smart ways. And guess what? They do this using a bit of logic!

    • 🤔 What Is Simple Logic?

      Simple logic is like decision-making. If something happens, then do something in response.

      This is called an "IF–THEN" statement.

      Think of it like:

      🧍‍♂️ IF someone says your name,

      ➡️ THEN you turn around.

      Robots do the same thing, just with sensors and actuators.

      ⚙️ Examples of Sensor + Actuator + Logic

      Situation Sensor Actuator Logic Example
      Robot sees an object ahead Ultrasonic sensor DC Motor IF object distance < 10 cm THEN stop
      Someone claps near the robot Sound sensor Servo Motor IF loud sound THEN wave hand
      It's dark Light sensor LED Light IF light level < threshold THEN turn on
      Plant soil is dry Moisture sensor Water pump actuator IF moisture low THEN start watering
      Fire detected Temperature sensor Alarm speaker IF temperature > 60°C THEN sound alarm

      🤓 Let’s Break One Down:

      “IF distance is less than 5 cm, THEN stop the motors.”

      • The ultrasonic sensor checks the distance.

      • If something is too close, the robot uses logic to decide.

      • The actuators (DC motors) are stopped to avoid a crash.

      Pretty smart for something that’s just a bunch of wires and plastic, right?

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      🎮 Real-Life Robot Reactions

      • Obstacle-Avoiding Robot

      It uses ultrasonic sensors and DC motors. When something is detected ahead, it changes direction. Like a smart bumper car!

      Automatic Door Robot

      It uses an infrared sensor and a linear actuator. When it detects a person, it opens the door. Like mall entrances!

      🧸 Aww Moment:

      In Japan, some robots in care homes use touch sensors to sense a hug from an elderly person, and then respond by gently hugging back. That’s sensors + actuators + beautiful logic ❤️.